Monday, February 27, 2012

Securing Local Area Network


The diagram above shows what a safe home network could look like. In incorporates a number of different hardware and software solutions that work together to help keep the computer systems safe.
Step 1:-Install a Hardware Firewall/Router:The hardware firewall/router is at the core of your system security. It is on the “front lines” when it comes to protecting your systems. It’s main security purpose is to let you get out to the Internet while keeping the Internet out of your computers. While initially expensive, their price has dropped significantly in the past number of years. In fact, I have seen them as inexpensive as five dollars.

Building local area network


  Building local area network .

To build local area network there are two methods  to build LAN. LAN can be built 1-1-client to client.
2-server to client.

Now, this research will be explained client to client then server to client.

Installation of shared folders in the network


The File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks component allows computers on a network to access resources on other computers using a Microsoft network. This component is installed and enabled by default. It is enabled per connection using TCP/IP and is necessary to share local folders.
The File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks component is the equivalent of the Server service in Windows NT 4.0.

The fundamental of network operating system


An Operating System is a collection of programs that provides an interface between application programs and the computer system (hardware). Its primary function is to provide application programmers with an abstraction of the system resources, such as memory, input-output and processor, which enhances the convenience, efficiency and correctness of their use.

Network protocol


A protocol is a set of rules that governs the communications between computers on a network. In order for two computers to talk to each other, they must be speaking the same language. Many different types of network protocols and standards are required to ensure that your computer (no matter which operating system, network card, or application you are using) can communicate with another computer located on the next desk or half-way around the world. The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Reference Model defines seven layers of networking protocols. The complexity of these layers is beyond the scope of this tutorial; however, they can be simplified into four layers to help identify some of the protocols with which you should be familiar (see fig 1).

Network Interface Card


A network card (also called a Network Adapter or Network Interface Card, or NIC for short) acts as the interface between a computer and a network cable. The purpose of the network card is to prepare, send, and control data on the network.

Types of Network Interface Cards


Network interface cards, referred to as NICs, are PC integrate cards that give inter-networking capabilities for a particular computing solution. There are many types of NICs that are utilized in changeable situations. The biggest variation between cards is depending upon their connective medium and speed capabilities. To a lesser extent, NICs can be distinguished by their type of connectivity to PC.

OSI Reference Model


The Open System Interconnect (OSI) reference model is a model, developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO), which describes how data from an application on one computer can be transferred to an application on another computer. The OSI reference model consists of seven conceptual layers which each specify different network functions. Each function of a network can be assigned to one, or perhaps a couple of adjacent layers, of these seven layers and is relatively independent of the other layers. This independence means that one layer does not need to be aware of what the implementation of an adjacent layer is, merely how to communicate with it. This is a major advantage of the OSI reference model and is one of the major reasons why it has become one of the most widely used architecture models for inter-computer communications.

Types of network cables


Network cable is used to connect and transfer data between computers and a network [1] or Cable is the medium through which information usually moves from one network device to another .

Types of network





One way to categorize the different types of computer network designs is by their scope or scale. For historical reasons, the networking industry refers to nearly every type of design as some kind of area network. Common examples of area network types are:

Fundamental of networking


Making devices talk to each other for the purposes of communication is nothing new. Early forays into telephony such as the telegraph and telephone have since evolved into more complicated devices, and now a computer can be networked to the Internet, another PC, or even a home stereo. In the early 1960s, individual computers had to be physically shared, making the sharing of data and other information difficult. Seeing this was impractical, researchers developed a way to “connect” the computers  so they could share their resources more efficiently. Hence, the early computer network was born[1]

Fundamental of networking



Making devices talk to each other for the purposes of communication is nothing new. Early forays into telephony such as the telegraph and telephone have since evolved into more complicated devices, and now a computer can be networked to the Internet, another PC, or even a home stereo. In the early 1960s, individual computers had to be physically shared, making the sharing of data and other information difficult. Seeing this was impractical, researchers developed a way to “connect” the computers  so they could share their resources more efficiently. Hence, the early computer network was born[1]

Definition:
A network is a set of hardware devices connected together, either physically or logically to allow them to exchange information[2]or Networking involves connecting computers and other electronic devices for the purpose of sharing information and resources and for communication[3] or network is any collection of independent computers that communicate with one another over a shared network medium.A computer network is a collection of two or more connected computers. When these computers are joined in a network, people can share files and peripherals such as modems, printers, tape backup drives, or CD-ROM drives. When networks at multiple locations are connected using services available from phone companies, people can send e-mail, share links to the global Internet, or conduct video conferences in real time with other remote users. companies rely on applications like electronic mail and database management for core business operations, computer networking becomes increasingly more important[4].

Networking Fundamental

-1-An elementary network consists of two computers connected by some kind of transmission medium
-2-Motivation: need to share data and to communicate quickly and efficiently
-3-Sharing enables users to exchange information and route data between them as workflow demands
-4-Can improve human communication substantially
-5-Peripheral device sharing enables users to take advantage of peripherals and other devices attached directly to a network or to a generally available computer attached to a network[3].


                                                                                                
Reasons of networking:

Many people already heard other people say: networking is important. And then the person for instance explains how it helps in sales. But if you are not responsible for any sales results for your company you probably won’t listen.
So here is a list of 26 reasons why networking is important. These are the main reasons that we got from the thousands of participants of our networking and referral training courses and presentations.
Sales related
1) Maintaining relationship with current customers
2) Meeting new prospects
3) Getting referrals to new prequalified prospects
4) Receiving referrals to other departments at current customers
5) Word of mouth publicity
6) Creating ambassadors who will tell about you and connect you with the right prospects

Not-sales related

7) Finding a new job
8 ) Finding a new employee or colleague
9) Getting to know the right people who can help you with your career
10) Attracting the right organisations to form partnerships with
11) Notifications when there are important changes (for example when legislation changes)
12) Up-to-date information for work-related topics
13) Knowing about new trends
14) Receiving more visibility as a person or an organisation
15) Attracting more opportunities
16) Getting new ideas, new insights and new wisdom
17) Getting another perspective
18) Door openings to people you won’t be able to reach on your own
19) Enrichment in every possible way
20) Doing things with more fun
21) Developing as a person
22) Developing as an organisation
23) Attracting the right mentors
24) Having a filter (= people from your network) for the massive amounts of information on the Internet and elsewhere
25) Receiving more invitations to (the right) events as a participant, speaker or co-host
26) Security net when something happens
 26 a - When you are without a job
 26 b –  When you have too much work
 26 c – On a personal level (getting the kids out of school, help when renovating your house, babysitter, …)